Medicine

The Cat Disease and Soccer

Posted in Medicine on July 2nd, 2010 by Joe Tsao – 1 Comment

Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease that infects the brain, normally infects cats (but can infect many other warm-blooded animals as well, including humans). About 1/3 of the people in the world are infected, and the CDC estimates that 1/10 of the American population are infected. But don’t worry – normally toxo infections are as harmless to humans as Charmander’s flame attacks are to Squirtle.

The infection is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. This disease is highly prevalent in rats, and therefore highly prevalent in cats as well. Scientists at Oxford University have found that although normal rats tend to avoid areas with cat scents, those infected by toxo actually are attracted to cat scents, making them the brave! The adventurous! The dead. This makes sense in evolution. By making infected rats more likely to be eaten by cats, Toxo makes itself more easily spread. (In humans, it can be spread through contact with cats or though eating infected raw meat).

Well cue this article by Slate. According to Slate, prevalence of Toxo infection strangely is able to predict winners of elimination matches. In fact, 15 out of the last 16 winners of the first knockout game over the last two world cups were from countries with higher infection rates of Toxo! The article tries to tie infection with behavior, stating that it is know that Toxo increases testosterone in male brains, making them more likely to engage in risky behavior. They have more “aggressive and less inhibited.”

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(Image taken from the Slate.com article. Without permission. I hope this is OK)

A report released by Schizophrenia Bulletin, Effects of Toxoplasma on Human Behavior, by Jasroslav Flegr, does find differences in human behavior between those infected and those uninfected. Those infected were found to be more vigilent, likely to “disregard rules and [to be] more expedient, suspicious, jealous, and dogmatic.” They were more likely to have been in traffic accidents, with lower reaction times.

So could infection with parasites make a more ruthless, more fearless sports star? Well, has anyone seen Ron Artest?

A Glimpse Into Autism

Posted in Medicine on July 1st, 2010 by Joe Tsao – Be the first to comment

I have posted this link on Facebook a week ago, but I’d like to revisit it on my blog.

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The link leads to a video of a child with autism. People with mental disorders are frequently seen as just “beings to be dealt with.” Their unexplainable behavior is often dismissed as a malformation that could only be dealt with in the same manner that one accepts the death of a pet; just let it be. This video shows, however, something much deeper and disturbing, something fascinating, something that elevates out understanding of the mentally retarded into our world of torments, needs, and desires. Its definitely worth a watch.

One argument for universal healthcare

Posted in Medicine on April 12th, 2010 by Joe Tsao – Be the first to comment

Yes, the bill is passed, and most of us are tired of all the arguments surrounding HCR already. If you are interested in reading about my thoughts, however, go on:) The reform and its debate is far from over, and arguments for or against now can have great meaning in other/future subjects.

When any important decision or law is made or passed, it is always important to balance out the pros and the cons. Therefore, I believe that before one adamantly argues or takes action on his or her views, that person should take an effort to understand the issue itself and to accept the legitimate arguments of his or her opponents, no matter the confidence in one’s own views. Failure to do so may cause of promote unethical actions. For instance, one doctor was recently reported as hanging up a sign stating “If you voted for Obama, seek care elsewhere.” The refusal of patient care (or at least adding the danger of discriminatory care) based on political views it itself unethical. But back to the point – the doctor seemed uninformed and in at least one of his main arguments (having to do with nursing home payments), was completely wrong, and his inaccurate views were causing harm to his patients. This applies even more strongly to the government and the media. One-sided arguments that are false, exaggerated, and uninformed (“Obama death camps”) can easily propagate into a mob of biased, thoughtless opinions that in some cases may make a man act against his own health (Medicaid-receivers who protest against government interference of health care).

Now, given my previous statement, I can only state support or opposition to the reform in the context of what I know about the bill. So far, on principle (and the following will state one argument supporting), I acknowledge that there are many consequences of the bill, certain or predicted, that I have not fully taken into account because I don’t understand them completely. Nevertheless, here is an argument for the bill.

First of all, I want to confront the illegitimacy of opposing the bill based solely off of the title ascribed on to it by many, “socialist.” Because these arguments fundamentally argue against government involvement in the health care system, I will attempt to argue the necessity of government involvement by first creating a starting point for “socialist health care” as something that isn’t intrinsically right nor intrinsically wrong due solely to the negative connotation of the title.

Now, we long have accepted the role of the government in offering us many public services. We consider it justified for the government to tax us for services that we cannot obtain ourselves through the free market system. For instance, if France were to invade us (OK bad example), we as a country would be in danger, for we as individuals would have nothing but Kindles and iPads to protect ourselves. (We could hire private armies, but how well would that work?) We therefore justify paying taxes so that the government can allow us a protection of our lives (and liberty, and pursuit of happiness). Having private cops and firefighters would be so inefficient and impractical that we justify paying public funds for these to be “socialist” enterprises. Similar (maybe even same) arguments are provided by my friend Jae, but we diverge at this point. He argues as many have that  the government should not involve itself in doing anything but to protect life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. I argue that it is its responsibility to do so.

Take public school as an example. Certainly, without government involvement, we would be able to create great prestigious institutions in a market economy, advancing knowledge and the future of all who paid for school. How many people, however, would actually be able to afford a private school? An argument made by some states that as long as someone works hard, he or she will be able to succeed in life. If education wasn’t “socialist,” many parents wouldn’t even be able to afford to enroll their children in elementary school. Would these people dare to argue, then, that someone who wasn’t able to afford to learn to read, if he works really hard, is likely to succeed in life? We can’t even talk about the government’s role in protecting life, liberty, and the pursuit to happiness until people actually have access to such things. The child who could not attend school in the market economy for education would never have access to the pursuit of happiness. Therefore, the government’s role isn’t just to protect, but to remove barriers to access as well, and therefore can justify taxing to create public schools.

Medical care can be argued in a parallel manner. Under status quo before the reform, many did not have access to health care, and therefore did not have the possibility of improving their quality of life through seeing a doctor. Those who are poor and not able to be on Medicaid, and those with preexisting conditions, were unfairly burdened due to pure luck like the kids who would not be able to afford private schools. The government has the responsibility to not only protect these people from having others take their lives, but to lessen barriers to life-saving procedures as well. Therefore, I believe that it may be ethically justified to raise taxes for health care (note, this is already done through Medicaid and Medicare), and to impose a mandate with subsidies (preventing a death-spiral of rising insurance costs due to healthier people dropping out, leading back to the sick not being able to afford medical coverage).

Of course, there are frames that may argue overall decreased accessibility of care as well. My goal here is to merely provide an argument through a point of view for now.

Well if you got this far, thanks for reading! Comments are appreciated, and criticisms are appreciated even more.

http://www.joetsao.com